\u2013 Every game has five attributes or fixed characteristics. The first characteristic of a game is that one is free and participates in it voluntarily. Huizinga wrote that a game is freedom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In the integral method, we are talking about a group of children. How can we set things up so their actions are voluntary? Can a child join a game and leave it at will, or not?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2013 \u201cVoluntary and free\u201d refers to the choice of one\u2019s actions and deeds until the person (whether a child or an adult) becomes certain that he is acting according to his conviction, the analysis he has made, and the decision he has reached. As long as he is not certain about the next move, he doesn\u2019t do it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
And when he acts in life, or \u201cmakes a move,\u201d just as in a game, he clearly knows that he is doing it himself. He has reached this conclusion on his own and is acting this way on his own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2013 So this is the first attribute: doing it voluntarily and having the freedom to enter and leave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Second: a game is always \u201cmake-believe.\u201d A child has to know that it\u2019s a game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Third, a game has a spatial zone and a time, meaning there is a beginning and an end to the game, and certain spatial boundaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fourth, a game always comes with rules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fifth and last: What\u2019s important is the process of the game, while the result of the game is secondary. Huizinga even said that as soon as a result appears in a game, it stops being a game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2013 If the result is set in advance, it limits the freedom of choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2013 You have said that there are games in the animate kingdom and even in plants. Could you explain?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2013 We observe the elements of a game even on the level of cellular development, the development of organisms, and within living organisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No growth or development is possible without the presence of several possibilities. There always has to be a specific choice that is played out and made, and this choice is always made through playing. This can be explained using the probability theory, mathematical theory, and others. Meaning, we see that Nature is playing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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